A Large Area VHE Gamma-Ray Detector for Super High Energies of 10 to 1000 GeV

O. T. Tümer, D. Bhattacharya, D. Dixon, T. J. O'Neill, R. S. White, A. D. Zych

Towards a Major Atmospheric Cerenkov Detector - II, R. C. Lamb, ed., 259, (1993)


Abstract

A new detector system is proposed that will open the unexplored Super High Energy (SHE) gamma ray region (10 GeV to 1,000 GeV) between the High Energy (HE) and Very High Energy (VHE) regimes. It is based on atmospheric Cherenkov light detection from gamma-ray originated air showers and will observe gamma rays in the transition energy region between the EGRET detector on the Compton Gamma-ray Observatory (CGRO) (sensitive below 30 GeV) and the present very high energy (VHE) Cherenkov detectors (sensitive above 500 GeV). SHE measurements of the high energy end of the EGRET AGN source spectra are crucial in the understanding of the AGN model. Further insight will also be gained into the measurements of the VHE and ultra high energy (UHE) celestial sources measured before with low statistical significance. The detector will use a central tower system with reflector mirrors covering about 50% of the ground within a 200 to 300 m diameter. The mirrors reflect the atmospheric Cherenkov light to the top of the tower where a Fresnel lens or a mirror system produces an image of the reflectors at its focal plane where an array of PMTs observes the Cherenkov light cone. The effective area of this detector is expected to be approximately 10^4 m^2. The cosmic ray background cuts of rapidly below about 75 GeV allowing significantly lower background for SHE gamma ray observations. The senitivity of such a detector is expected to be about 27 milli Crab for a 2 week (4 hr/day) observation for > 10 GeV gamma rays without any cosmic ray discrimination.